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Digital Paxton: Digital Collection, Critical Edition, and Teaching Platform Redrawing History Redrawing History: Indigenous Perspectives on Colonial America, a two-year project funded by The Pew Center for Arts & Heritage, connects Native American artists with the Library Company’s rich collections and far-reaching scholarly community. Partnering with artist Weshoyot Alvitre (Tongva), author Lee Francis (Laguna Pueblo), and the indigenous publisher Native Realities Press, the Library Company will publish a graphic novel that reinterprets the Paxton massacre from the perspective of the Conestoga. Dr. Will Fenton, will serve as creative director, connecting the creative team with an advisory board of scholars, local tribal leaders, and educational specialists, and making new archival records accessible via his digital humanities project, Digital Paxton. Published, printed, and distributed by Native American businesses, the graphic novel will include a curriculum to facilitate use in secondary and post-secondary classrooms. Original artwork will be exhibited at the Library Company together with the original collection items that inspired it. And a slate of public programs, including a colloquium and public readings, will engage local audiences; conference presentations will bring the project and its model to academic audiences.

The Quaker Vindicated

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1. The Address of the People Called Quakers In defense of their conduct towards the Indians and settlers. "Signed on behalf and by order of a committee, appointed to represent our religious society in Pennsylvania and New-Jersey, at a meeting held in Philadelphia, the 25th of the second month, 1764. Samuel Emlen, Jun. clerk."--p. 11. Evans, C American bibliography, 9670; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W5867; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 1941.
2. An Address to the Freeholders and Inhabitants of the Province of Pennsylvania
3. An Address to the Rev. Dr. Alison Relates to the dissensions caused by the Indians. Possibly written by Joseph Galloway. Half-title: An address to the Rev. Dr. Alison, the Rev. Mr. Ewing, &c. being a vindication of the Quakers. Place of publication and printer's name supplied by Evans. Signatures: pi_ A-C? D_ (D2 verso blank). Errata note, p. 47. Evans, C. American bibliography, 9892; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W6245; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 2098; Sabin, J. Dictionary of books relating to America from its discovery to the present time, 66908.
4. An Answer to Mr. Franklin's Remarks on a Late Protest Attributed to Smith by Evans. Two states of gathering A noted. In the first, p. 3 ends with the word "Protesters", and the last word of text on p. 5 is "charter"; in the second, p. 3 ends with "assembly", and p. 5 ends with the added phrase "which has put that matter wholly out of their power." Two states of gathering C noted. The second contains a note on p. 22 not present in the first. Also, two lines of verse have been shifted from p. 22 to p. 21. Evans (entry 9842) describes this variant as a second impression. Signatures: A-C? (C4 blank). Evans, C. American bibliography, 9841; Evans, American bibliography, 9842; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W11639; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 1952; Sabin, J. Dictionary of books relating to America from its discovery to the present time, 84586.
5. An Answer to the Pamphlet Entitled "The Conduct of the Paxton Men"
6. A Battle! A Battle!
7. A Battle! A Battle! (Extended)
8. A Brief State of the Province of Pennsylvania A brief state of the province of Pennsylvania, : in which the conduct of their assemblies for several years past is impartially examined, and the true cause of the continual encroachments of the French displayed, more especially the secret design of their late unwarrantable invasion and settlement upon the river Ohio. To which is annexed, an easy plan for restoring quiet in the public measures of that province, and defeating the ambitious views of the French in time to come. In a letter from a gentleman who has resided many years in Pennsylvania to his friends in London.
9. The Cheat Unmasked
10. The Cloven-Foot Discovered (contained in "A Letter from Batista Angeloni") Extracted from Shebbeare's Letters on the English nation, also published pseudonymously. Cf. the Dictionary of national biography. Probable place and date of publication suggested by Hildeburn. "The Cloven-Foot discovered."--p. 7-8, in verse. An attack on the Quakers for their dealings with and support of the Indians. Evans, C. American bibliography, 9838; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W13438; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 2013.
11. The Conduct of the Paxton Men Impartially Represented A defense of the Paxton boys, in reply to Benjamin Franklin's "A narrative of the late massacres, in Lancaster County, of a number of Indians." Attributed to Thomas Barton by Hildeburn and Evans. Also attributed to the Rev. John Ewing. Cf. Egle, W.H. History of the counties of Dauphin and Lebanon, 1883, p. 68. An added title page identifies John Creaig of Lancaster as bookseller. Signatures: pi [A]? B-D? E1. Evans, C. American bibliography, 9594; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W37505; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 1957
12. Cool Thoughts on the Present Situation of Our Public Affairs Caption title: A letter to a friend in the country. With a half-title. Signed on p. 22: A.B. Attributed to Benjamin Franklin by Evans. First published as a supplement to the Pennsylvania journal, Apr. 26, 1764. Dated on p. 5: Philadelphia, April 12, 1764. Signatures: [A]? B? (B4 blank). Evans, C. American bibliography, 9663; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W16998; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 1990; Howes, W. U.S.iana (2nd ed.), F319
13. The Curse of Meroz
14. A Declaration and Remonstrance On the massacre of the Conestoga Indians by the "Paxton Boys" and the Indian policy of the Pennsylvania authorities. "Signed on behalf of ourselves, and by appointment of a great number of the frontier inhabitants. Matthew Smith. James Gibson. February 13th, 1764."--p. 18. Printer's name and place of publication supplied by Evans. Evans, C. American bibliography, 9630; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W37880; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 1969
15. The Delineated Presbyterian Played Hob With
16. A Dialogue Between Andrew Trueman and Thomas Zealot
17. A Dialogue, Containing Some Reflections on the Late "Declaration and Remonstrance"
18. Eine dem hochedlen Herrn Guvernor Eine dem hochedlen Herrn Guvernor und der Landesversammlung der Provinz Pennsylvanien ubergebene Erklarung und Vorstellung von den bedrangten und in Todesgefahr stehenden Einwohnern an den Grenzen dieser Provinz: worin die Ursachen ihrer letztherigen Unzufriedenheit und Kummers angezeigt werden; samt den Beschwerungen, die sie ausgestanden haben, und um deren Abschaffung sie unterthanig bitten. Aus dem Englischen ubersetzt. German Translation of "Declaration and Remonstrance." On the massacre of the Conestoga Indians by the Paxton Boys and the Indian policy of the Pennsylvania authorities. Translation of: A declaration and remonstrance of the distressed and bleeding frontier inhabitants of the province of Pennsylvania. Signed on p. 16: Matthaus Smith. James Gibson. Den 1sten Febr. 1764. Ascribed to the press of Henrich Miller by Seidensticker. Signatures: A-B?. Evans, C. American bibliography, 9631; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W18562; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 1971.
19. An Historical Account of the Late Disturbance Signed on p. 8: From a true countryman. A subsequent impression (Evans 9697, Hildeburn 2003) has imprint: "Printed by Anthony Armbruster, in Moravian-Alley." That impression notes on the title page: "[Fist] The second edition, may be called a piracy. I said printed at Rome: I meant nothing but [cross] Printed in Second-Street, by Andrew Steuars-Stockfish." A.S. and Andrew Steuars-Stockfish evidently refer to Andrew Steuart, who also printed an edition of the work (not in Evans or Bristol). Evans, C. American bibliography, 9696; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W39302; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 2002.
20. An Historical Account of the Late Disturbance (Reprinted)
21. Historische Nachricht von dem neulich in Lancaster Caunty German translation of "A Narrative of the Late Massacres." Translation of: Franklin, Benjamin. A narrative of the late massacres, in Lancaster County, of a number of Indians, friends of this province, by persons unknown. Tentatively recorded as an Ephrata imprint by Seidensticker, Hildeburn, and Evans. Signatures: A-D? (D4 verso blank). Evans, C. American bibliography, 9666; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W16999; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 2005
22. A Humble Attempt at Scurrility In reply to an attack on Benjamin Franklin by John Hughes. Attributed to Isaac Hunt in the Dictionary of American biography. Ascribed to the press of Anthony Armbruster by Evans. "Prologue to the coffee-house politician, or The justice caught in his own trap."--p. vii-viii. "Thirteen descriptions of the great A. drawn from the life by that celebrated master D---d J--s D-ve, poet laureat to the Pr---ry Party."--p. 38-42. Signatures: [A]? B-E? F_ (F2 verso blank). "Errata."--p. [43]. Evans, C. American bibliography, 10014; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W12797; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 2134; Sabin, J. Dictionary of books relating to America from its discovery to the present time, 25637.
23. A Letter from Batista Angeloni Extracted from Shebbeare's Letters on the English nation, also published pseudonymously. Cf. the Dictionary of national biography. Probable place and date of publication suggested by Hildeburn. "The Cloven-Foot discovered."--p. 7-8, in verse. An attack on the Quakers for their dealings with and support of the Indians. Evans, C. American bibliography, 9838; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W13438; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 2013.
24. A Letter From Batista Angeloni (Reprinted) Extracted from Shebbeare's Letters on the English nation, also published pseudonymously. Cf. the Dictionary of national biography. Probable place and date of publication suggested by Hildeburn. "The Cloven-Foot discovered."--p. 7-8, in verse. An attack on the Quakers for their dealings with and support of the Indians. Evans, C. American bibliography, 9838; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W13438; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 2013.
25. A Letter From a Clergyman in Town
26. A Letter From a Gentleman at Elizabeth Town to his Friend in New York
27. A Letter From a Gentleman in Transilvania to his Friend in America
28. A Little Looking-Glass for the Times
29. A Looking-Glass for Presbyterians (Inscribed: J. Arbo) Inscribed: J. Arbo (Expanded). "To the friends of Pennsylvania and lovers of liberty. This Looking-glass is with much affection and great respect inscribed by a Pennsylvanian."--p. 3. Attributed to Isaac Hunt by Evans. Ascribed to the press of Anthony Armbruster by Evans. "Appendix. The substance, of a council held at Lancaster August the 28th 1764, by a committee of Presbyterian ministers .."--p. [25]-34. "A dialogue between a churchman in the country, and a Presbyterian in the city of Philadelphia."--p. 35-38. "A letter from a gentleman in Transilvania"--p. 38-43, signed: Jack Traveller, Weissenburgh in Transilvania, August 1st, 1764. Attributed to Isaac Hunt in the Dictionary of American biography. Signatures [A]? B-E? [F]1 ([F]1 verso blank). Evans, C. American bibliography, 9703; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W1775.
30. A Looking-Glass for Presbyterians (Numb. I)
31. The Lottery: A Dialogue Between Mr. Thomas Trueman and Mr. Humphrey Dupe
32. A Narrative of the Late Massacres Generally attributed to Benjamin Franklin. Ascribed to the press of Franklin and Hall by Miller on the basis of the typeface used. Evans, Hildeburn, and P.L. Ford suggest Anthony Armbruster as printer. Sabin says "Written and printed by Franklin." Signatures: A-B? (B8 verso blank). Evans, C. American bibliography, 9667; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W17009; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 1992; Miller, C.W. Franklin, 807; Sabin, J. Dictionary of books relating to America from its discovery to the present time, 25557.
33. A Narrative of the Late Massacres (Inscribed: From James Pemberton to William Cobbett) - Title Page Inscribed: From James Pemberton to William Cobbett. Generally attributed to Benjamin Franklin. Ascribed to the press of Franklin and Hall by Miller on the basis of the typeface used. Evans, Hildeburn, and P.L. Ford suggest Anthony Armbruster as printer. Sabin says "Written and printed by Franklin." Signatures: A-B? (B8 verso blank). Evans, C. American bibliography, 9667; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W17009; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 1992; Ford, P.L. Franklin bibliography, 272; Miller, C.W. Franklin, 807; Howes, W. U.S.iana (2nd ed.), F327; Sabin 25557.
34. Observations on a Late "Epitaph"
35. The Paxton Boys: a Farce
36. The Paxton Boys: a Farce (Second Edition)
37. The Paxtoniade
38. The Paxtoniade (Second Edition)
39. The Plain Dealer, Numb. I
40. The Plain Dealer, Numb. II Numb. II. Mistakenly attributed by Evans to Hugh Williamson, author of numbers 1 and 3. Cf. the Advertisement in number 3, where it is stated: The author of this is obliged to the gentleman, who wrote the piece which was published on Teusday [sic], by the title of Plain dealer, no. 2. As his endeavours to prevent the people from being deceived by the chicane of a faction, prove him to be a friend to the oppress'd inhabitants of this province. Dated May 7, 1764. Imprint supplied by Evans. Evans, C. American bibliography, 9877; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W15609; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 2086.
41. The Plain Dealer, Numb. III
42. Protestation gegen die Bestellung Herrn Benjamin Franklin German Translation of: Protest, presented to the House of Assembly [of Pennsylvania], by the subscribers, at the close of the late debate there, concerning the sending of Mr. Franklin as an assistant to our agent, at the court of Great-Britain (Bristol B2512). Caption title. Signed and dated: Den 20ten October, 1764. John Dickinson [and nine others]. Followed on p. [2-4] by "Anmerkungen uber eine neuliche Protestation gegen die Bestellung Herrn Benjamin Franklins zu einem Agenten fur diese Provinz," a translation of Franklin's "Remarks on a late protest against the appointment of Mr. Franklin an agent for this province" (Evans 9669). Signed and dated on p. [4]: Philadelphia, am 5 Nov. 1764. B. Franklin. Imprint supplied by Evans. Erroneously filmed by Readex Microprint Corp. for Evans 9803, which records a German language broadside which apparently includes only the protest, and which is ascribed to the press of Henry Miller at Philadelphia. Evans, C. American bibliography, 9668; Evans, C. American bibliography, 9803; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 1993; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W21040.
43. The Quakers Assisting to Preserve the Lives of the Indians
44. The Quakers Assisting to Preserve the Lives of the Indians (No. II)
45. The Quaker Unmasked Defending the Paxton Boys; also suggesting that the Quakers were enamored of both Indian squaws and Indian trade. Cf. Dictionary of American biography. Signed on p. 13: Philopatrius. Second-Street, Philadelphia, February 18, 1764. Attributed to David James Dove in the Dictionary of American biography. "Postscript."--p. 14-15. Bookseller's advertisement, p. 16. Evans, C. American bibliography, 9647; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W32375; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 1982 1982.
46. The Quaker Unmasked (Second Edition) Defending the Paxton Boys; also suggesting that the Quakers were enamored of both Indian squaws and Indian trade. Cf. Dictionary of American biography. Signed on p. 13: Philopatrius. Second-Street, Philadelphia, February 18, 1764. Attributed to David James Dove in the Dictionary of American biography. "Postscript."--p. 14-15. Bookseller's advertisement, p. 16. Evans, C. American bibliography, 9647; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W32375; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 1982 1982. Evans, C. American bibliography, 9646; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W21215; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 1981.
48. Remarks on a late protest against the appointment of Mr. Franklin Caption title. Signed on p. 7: B. Franklin. Philadelphia, Nov, 5, 1764. Ascribed to the press of Franklin by Evans and Miller. For an account of this work see: Ford, P.L. Franklin bibliography, 1889, p. 123, and Ford, P.L., ed. The writings of John Dickinson, 1895, v. 1, p. [147]-157. Signatures: [A]? ([A]4 verso blank). Evans, C. American bibliography, 9669; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W2487; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 1994; Miller, C.W. Franklin, 808.
49. Remarks on the Quaker Unmasked
50. Remarks upon "The Delineated Presbyterian Played Hob With"
51. A Scene in the First Act of the New Farce
52. The Scribbler In reply to Hugh Williamson's What is sauce for a goose is also sauce for a gander. Ascribed to the press of Anthony Armbruster by Evans. "Hints for another inscription in the lapidary style, or a sketch of a character."--p. 19-24, concerning William Smith. Signatures: [A]? B-C?. Evans, C. American bibliography, 9831; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W4821; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 2060.
53. A Serious Address (First Edition)
54. A Serious Address (Second Edition)
55. A Serious Address (Fourth Edition) A Serious address, to such of the inhabitants of Pennsylvania, as have connived at, or do approve of, the late massacre of the Indians at Lancaster; or the design of killing those who are now in the barracks at Philadelphia. : The demand for this piece has been so great, that this fourth edition is call'd for in a few days! To which is now added, a dialogue between Andrew Trueman and Thomas Zealot, about the killing the Indians at Connestogoe and Lancaster. (An excellent piece!)
56. Sermon Preached in the Church of St. Peters Sermon preached in the Church of St. Peters in Lewis, in Sussex County on Delaware, on July 8, 1757. Being the day appointed ... to be observed as a day of fasting and humiliation, to implore the blessing of God on His Majesty's arms, especially on the expedition now carrying on under His Excellency John Earl of Loudoun. / By Matthias Harris, officiating minister to the several congregations of the Church of England, in Sussex County on Delaware.
57. Several Conferences Between Some of the Principal People Amongst the Quakers in Pennsylvania Several conferences between some of the principal people amongst the Quakers in Pennsylvania, and the deputies from the Six Indian Nations, in alliance with Britain; : in order to reclaim their brethren the Delaware Indians from their defection, and put a stop to their barbarities and hostilities. To which is prefix'd (as introductory to the said conferences) two addresses from the said Quakers; one to the Lieutenant-Governor, and the other to the General-Assembly of the Province of Pennsylvania; as also the Lieutenant-Governor's declaration of war against the said Delaware Indians, and their adherents. Often attributed to Israel Pemberton, a Philadelphia Quaker who, in April 1756, tried to mediate between the Delaware tribes and the government of Pennsylvania. Signatures: pi_ A-C?. English short title catalogue (ESTC), T111251; Sabin, J. Dictionary of books relating to America from its discovery to the present time, 59612; Howes, W. U.S.iana, 1650-1950 (1962 edition) P192; Smith, J. Descriptive catalogue of Friends' books, II: 280.
58. The Squabble (First Edition) A political satire on affairs in Pennsylvania. Ascribed to the press of Anthony Armbruster by Evans. English short title catalogue (ESTC), W29925; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 2065; Sabin, J. Dictionary of books relating to America from its discovery to the present time,, 89940; Stoddard, R.E. A bibliographical description of books and pamphlets of American verse printed from 1610 through 1820, 159; Wegelin, O. Early American poetry, 789.
59. The Squabble (Second Edition) Second Edition. A political satire on affairs in Pennsylvania. The second edition is ascribed to the press of Anthony Armbruster by Evans 9564 and 9565. Signatures: A?. Not in: Evans, C. American bibliography. English short title catalogue (ESTC), W41575; Sabin, J. Dictionary of books relating to America from its discovery to the present time, 89940; Stoddard, R.E. A bibliographical description of books and pamphlets of American verse printed from 1610 through 1820, 158.
60. The Squabble (Third Edition) Printed from the First Edition (Third Edition Inferred). A political satire on affairs in Pennsylvania. Parentheses substituted for square brackets in imprint transcription. Date of publication supplied by Evans 9564 and 9565. "Frontispiece" on p. [4] is of "Thyrsis, with a Pr*sb*t*rian nose. Corin, with a Q**k*ronian nose." Evans, C. American bibliography, 9565; English short title catalogue (ESTC), W29926; Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 2066 2066; Sabin, J. Dictionary of books relating to America from its discovery to the present time,, 89940; Stoddard, R.E. A bibliographical description of books and pamphlets of American verse printed from 1610 through 1820, 160; Wegelin, O. Early American poetry, 790.
61. The Substance of a Council Held at Lancaster
62. The Substance of an Exercise had this Morning in Scurrility Hall
63. A Touch on the Times
64. True Copy of a Letter From a Member of St. Paul's
65. Unanimity and Public Spirit Unanimity and public spirit. : A sermon preached at Carlisle, and some other Episcopal churches, in the counties of York and Cumberland, soon after General Braddock's defeat. Published by particular request. By the Reverend Mr. Thomas Barton, missionary to the said churches. To which is prefixed, a letter from the Reverend Mr. Smith, provost of the College of Philadelphia, concerning the office and duties of a Protestant ministry, especially in times of public calamity and danger.
66. What is Sauce for a Goose is also Sauce for a Gander Satirical epitaph on Benjamin Franklin written by Hugh Williamson. Cf. Ford, P.L. Franklin bibliography, 1889, entry 997. Signatures: A4 (A4 verso blank). Not in: Evans, C. American bibliography; Bristol, R.P. Supplement to Charles Evans' American bibliography; Shipton, C.K. National index of American imprints through 1800. Not in: Evans, C. American bibliography; Sabin, J. Dictionary of books relating to America from its discovery to the present time, 104455.
67. What is Sauce for a Goose is also Sauce for a Gander (LCP copy) Satirical epitaph on Benjamin Franklin written by Hugh Williamson. Cf. Ford, P.L. Franklin bibliography, 1889, entry 997. Signatures: A4 (A4 verso blank). Not in: Evans, C. American bibliography; Bristol, R.P. Supplement to Charles Evans' American bibliography; Shipton, C.K. National index of American imprints through 1800. Not in: Evans, C. American bibliography; Sabin, J. Dictionary of books relating to America from its discovery to the present time, 104455. Not in: Evans, C. American bibliography; Sabin, J. Dictionary of books relating to America from its discovery to the present time, 104455.

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